Indian Balm of Gilead is a fragrant, thorny tree,
up to 10 m tall, but often grown as a bush. Bark is reddish-brown or
grey; blaze pink-red; branchlets spine-tipped. Leaves are 3-foliate, or
occasionally 7-foliate, alternate, clustered; estipulate; axis 6-14 mm,
slender, grooved above, flattened at base, velvet-hairy; leaflets
opposite, stalkless, laterals smaller, at branch-ends larger; blade
0.6-2 x 1.2-2 cm, ovate-obovate, obovate, ovate or nearly round, base
wedge-shaped or narrowed, tip blunt, margin rounded toothed or entire,
hairless, chartaceous; lateral nerves 3-5 pairs, pinnate, slender,
faint, intercostae netveined, faint. Flowers are small, polygamous,
deep red, pink or cream coloured, solitary or fascicled, in leaf-axils;
calyx narrowly bell-shaped; lobes 4, shorter than the tube, hairless;
petals 4, inverted-lanceshaped, apiculate; stamens 8, free, alternately
long and short, inserted on the margin of the disc; filaments subulate;
disc small, 6-8 lobed; ovary superior, ovoid, stalkless, 2-celled,
ovules 2 in each cell; style short; stigma 3-4 lobed; ovules 2 in each
cell. Fruit is a drupe, 0.8-1.2 x 0.6-0.9 cm, oblong or
ovoid-subspherical, beaked; seeds 2. Indian Balm of Gilead is found in
South India.
Medicinal uses: The tree yields a fragrant gum
resin obtained by incision of the bark. The resin is used in folklore
medicine as an
ingredient in multi-component indigenous formulations
used as astringent, antiseptic, carminative, diuretic, appetite
stimulator, uterine stimulant and emmenagogue.